Papers - Artefactual
John A List
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No abstract available
U. Rashid Sumalia,
Daniel J Skerritt,
Anna Schuhbauer,
Sebastian Villasante,
Andres M Cisneros-Montemayor,
Hussain Sinan,
Duncan Burnside,
Patrízia Raggi Abdallah,
Keita Abe,
Juliano Palacios Abrantes,
Kwasi A Addo,
Julia Adelsheim,
Ibukun J Adewumi,
Olanike K Adeyemo,
Neil Adger,
Joshua Adotey,
Sahir Advani,
Zahidah Afrin,
Denis Aheto,
Shehu L Akintola,
Wisdom Akpalu,
Lubna Alam,
Juan José Alava,
Edward H Allison,
Diva J Amon,
John M Anderies,
Christopher M Anderson,
Evan Andrews,
Ronaldo Angelini,
Zuzy Anna,
Werner Antweiler,
Evans K Arizi,
Derek Armitage,
Robert I Arthur,
Noble Asare,
Frank Asche,
Berchie Asiedu,
Francis Asuquo,
Marta Flotats Aviles,
Lanre Badmus,
Megan Bailey,
Natalie Ban,
Edward B Barbier,
Shanta Barley,
Colin Barnes,
Scott Barrett,
Xavier Basurto,
Dyhia Belhabib,
Nathan J Bennett,
Elena Bennett,
Dominique Benzaken,
Robert Blasiak,
John J Bohorquez,
Cesar Bordehore,
Virginie Bornarel,
David R Boyd,
Denise Breitburg,
Cassandra Brooks,
Lucas Brotz,
Duncan Burnside,
Donovan Campbell,
Sara Cannon,
Ling Cao,
Juan C Cardenas Campo,
Griffin Carpenter,
Steve Carpenter,
Richard T Carson,
Adriana R Carvalho,
Mauricio Castrejón,
Alex J Caveen,
M Nicole Chabi,
Kai M A Chan,
F Stuart Chapin,
Tony Charles,
William Cheung,
Villy Christensen,
Ernest O Chuku,
Trevor Church,
Andrés M Cisneros-Montemayor,
Colin Clark,
Tayler M Clarke,
Andreea L Cojocaru,
Brian Copeland,
Brian Crawford,
Anne-Sophie Crépin,
Larry B Crowder,
Philippe Cury,
Allison N Cutting,
Gretchen C Daily,
Jose Maria Da-Rocha,
Abhipsita Das,
Savior K S Deikumah,
Mairin Deith,
Santiago de la Puente,
Boris Dewitte,
Nancy Doubleday,
Carlos M Duarte,
Nicholas K Dulvy,
Bárbara B Horta e Costa,
Tyler Eddy,
Maeghan Efford,
Paul R Ehrlich,
Laura G Elsler,
Kafayat A Fakoya,
A Eyiwunmi Falaye,
Jessica Fanzo,
Clare Fitzsimmons,
Ola Flaaten,
Katie R N Florko,
Carl Folke,
Andrew Forrest,
Peter Freeman,
Kátia M F Freire,
Rainer Froese,
Thomas L Frölicher,
Austin Gallagher,
Veronique Garcon,
Maria A Gasalla,
Mark Gibbons,
Kyle Gillespie,
Alfredo Giron-Nava,
Kristina Gjerde,
Sarah Glaser,
Christopher Golden,
Line Gordon,
Hugh Govan,
Rowenna Gryba,
Benjamin S Halpern,
Quentin Hanich,
Mafaniso Hara,
Christopher D G Harley,
Sarah Harper,
Michael Harte,
Rebecca Helm,
Cullen Hendrix,
Christina C Hicks,
Lincoln Hood,
Carie Hoover,
Kristen Hopewell,
Jonathan D R Houghton,
Johannes A Iitembu,
Moenieba Isaacs,
Sadique Isahaku,
Gakushi Ishimura,
Monirul Islam,
Ibrahim Issifu,
Jeremy Jackson,
Jennifer Jacquet,
Olaf P Jensen,
Xue Jin,
Alberta Jonah,
Jean-Baptiste Jouffray,
S Kim Juniper,
Sufian Jusoh,
Isigi Kadagi,
Masahide Kaeriyama,
Michel J Kaiser,
Brooks Alexandra Kaiser,
Omu Kakujaha-Matundu,
Selma T Karuaihe,
Mary Karumba,
Jennifer D Kemmerly,
Ahmed S Khan,
Katrick Kimani,
Kristin Kleisner,
Nancy Knowlton,
Dawn Kotowicz,
John Kurien,
Lian E Kwong,
Steven Lade,
Dan Laffoley,
Vicky W L Lam,
Glenn-Marie Lange,
Mohd T Latif,
Philippe Le Billon,
Valérie Le Brenne,
Frédéric Le Manach,
Simon A Levin,
Lisa Levin,
Karin E Limburg,
John A List,
Amanda T Lombard,
Priscila F M Lopes,
Heike K Lotze,
Tabitha G Mallory,
Roshni S Mangar,
Daniel Marszalec,
Precious Mattah,
Juan Mayorga,
Carol Mcausland,
DOuglas J McCauley,
Jeffrey McLean,
Karley McMullen,
Frank Meere,
Annie Mejaes,
Michael Melnychuk,
Jaime Mendo,
Fiorenza Micheli,
Katherine Millage,
Dana Miller,
Kolliyil Sunil Mohamed,
Essam Mohammed,
Mazlin Mokhtar,
Lance Morgan,
Umi Muawanah,
Gordon R Munro,
Grant Murray,
Saleem Mustafa,
Prateep Nayak,
Dianne Newell,
Tu Nguyen,
Frederik Noack,
Adibi M Nor,
Francis K E Nunoo,
David Obura,
Tom Okey,
Isaac Okyere,
Paul Onyango,
Maartje Oostdijk,
Polina Orlov,
Henrik Österblom,
Tessa Owens,
Dwight Owens,
Mohammed Oyinlola,
Nathan Pacoureau,
Evgeny Pakhomov,
Unai Pascual,
Aurélien Paulmier,
Daniel Pauly,
Rodrigue Orobiyi Edéya Pèlèbè,
Daniel Peñalosa,
Maria G Pennino,
Garry Peterson,
Thuy T T Pham,
Evelyn Pinkerton,
Stephen Polasky,
Nicholas V C Polunin,
Ekow Prah,
Ingrid Van Putten,
Jorge Ramírez,
Jorge Jimenez Ramon,
Veronica Relano,
Gabriel Reygondeau,
Don Robadue,
Callum Roberts,
Alex Rogers,
Katina Roumbedakis,
Enric Sala,
Gret Van Santen,
Marten Scheffer,
Anna Schuhbauer,
Kathleen Segerson,
Juan Carlos Seijo,
Karen C Seto,
Jason F Shogren,
Jennifer J Silver,
Hussain Sinan,
Gerald Singh,
Daniel J Skerritt,
Ambre Soszynski,
Dacotah-Victoria Splichalova,
Margaret Spring,
Jesper Stage,
Fabrice Stephenson,
Bryce D Stewart,
Riad Sultan,
U Rashid Sumaila,
Curtis Suttle,
Alessandro Tagliabue,
Amadou Tall,
Nicolás Talloni-Álvarez,
Alessandro Tavoni,
D R Fraser Taylor,
Lydia C L Teh,
Louise S L Teh,
Jean-Baptiste Thiebot,
Torsten Thiele,
Shakuntala H Thilsted,
Romola V Thumbadoo,
Michelle Tigchelaar,
Richard S J Tol,
Philippe Tortell,
Max Troell,
M Selçuk Uzmanoglu,
Sebastian Villasante,
Juan Villaseñor-Derbez,
Colette C C Wabnitz,
Melissa Walsh,
J P Walsh,
Nina Wambiji,
Elke U Weber,
Frances Westley,
Stella Williams,
Mary S Wisz,
Boris Worm,
Lan Xiao,
Nobuyuki Yagi,
Satoshi Yamazaki,
Hong Yang,
Aart de Zeeuw,
Dirk Zeller
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Letter in Science Magazine
John A List
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While empirical economics has made important strides over the past half century, there is a recent attack that threatens the foundations of the empirical approach in economics: external validity. Certain dogmatic arguments are not new, yet in some circles the generalizability question is beyond dispute, rendering empirical work as a passive enterprise based on frivolity. Such arguments serve to caution even the staunchest empirical advocates from even starting an empirical inquiry in a novel setting. In its simplest form, questions of external validity revolve around whether the results of the received study can be generalized to different people, situations, stimuli, and time periods. This study clarifies and places the external validity crisis into perspective by taking a unique glimpse into the grandest of trials: The External Validity Trial. A key outcome of the proceedings is an Author Onus Probandi, which outlines four key areas that every study should report to address external validity. Such an evaluative approach properly rewards empirical advances and justly recognizes inherent empirical limitations.
Elvis Cheng Xu
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We conduct a field trust game under a natural experiment context to test the impacts of urbanisation on trust. We conjecture that urbanisation, defined in this context as the process of state-led rural-urban migration, contributes to a transformation of trust levels among co-villagers and towards outsiders. We test this conjecture in an experimental approach and more generally, examine whether the urbanisation will produce significant impacts on in-group trust and out-group trust. The research finds that urbanisation does not decrease significantly the trust towards co-villagers, meaning the in-group trust did not change statistically significantly. However, the trust towards outsiders does increase as a result of the state-led urbanisation. We also run a regression on the trust exhibited towards participants in the experiment and found the partial effect of whether they are co-villagers or outsiders weakens as a result of the urbanisation, and therefore conclude urbanisation decreases out-group discrimination in trust.
Omar Al-Ubaydli,
John A List,
Dana L Suskind
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Policymakers are increasingly turning to insights gained from the experimental method as a means of informing public policies. Whether-and to what extent-insights from a research study scale to the level of the broader public is, in many situations, based on blind faith. This scale-up problem can lead to a vast waste of resources, a missed opportunity to improve people's lives, and a diminution in the public's trust in the scientific method's ability to contribute to policymaking. This study provides a theoretical lens to deepen our understanding of the science of how to use science. Through a simple model, we highlight three elements of the scale-up problem: (1) when does evidence become actionable (appropriate statistical inference); (2) properties of the population; and (3) properties of the situation. We argue that until these three areas are fully understood and recognized by researchers and policymakers, the threats to scalability will render any scaling exercise as particularly vulnerable. In this way, our work represents a challenge to empiricists to estimate the nature and extent of how important the various threats to scalability are in practice, and to implement those in their original research.
John A List
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These are the slides from John A. List's keynote at the 2022 AFE conference.
Eszter Czibor,
David Jimenez-Gomez,
John A List
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What was once broadly viewed as an impossibility - learning from experimental data in economics - has now become commonplace. Governmental bodies, think tanks, and corporations around the world employ teams of experimental researchers to answer their most pressing questions. For their part, in the past two decades academics have begun to more actively partner with organizations to generate data via field experimentation. While this revolution in evidence-based approaches has served to deepen the economic science, recently a credibility crisis has caused even the most ardent experimental proponents to pause. This study takes a step back from the burgeoning experimental literature and introduces 12 actions that might help to alleviate this credibility crisis and raise experimental economics to an even higher level. In this way, we view our "12 action wish list" as discussion points to enrich the field.
Wojciech Hardy,
Michal Krawczyk,
Joanna Tyrowicz
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We report results of an experimental study analyzing the effects of Internet piracy on book sales. We conducted a year-long controlled large-scale field experiment with pre-treatment pair matching. Half of the book titles received experiment treatment, in which a specialized agency would immediately remove any unauthorized copy appearing on the Internet. For the other half we merely registered such occurrences, but no countermeasures were taken. For all the titles we obtained print and e-book sales statistics from the publishers. We find that removal of unauthorized copies was an effective method of curbing piracy, but this had no bearing on legal sales.
Hansika Kapoor,
Savita Kulkarni,
Anirudh Tagat
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This study aims to investigate intra-household bargaining outcomes elicited in an artefactual field experiment design where participants completed a purchase task of real commodities. Married couples separately expressed their initial preferences over commodities. The bargaining process in the experiment was exogenously introduced by sharing information about partners' preferences in the treatment group. We hypothesized that the spouse with weaker bargaining position at the household level would consider the information of their partner's preferences while making own consumption decisions more compared to their partner. Therefore, they may deviate from their own preferences when purchasing commodities. More than 230 married couples from two villages in the Tamil Nadu state of India participated in the experiment. It was observed that information about partners' spending preferences resulted in reduced final allocation for female participants. However, the deviation was not significantly different from the original intention to spend. Therefore, information about partners' preferences may not be an effective medium to elicit bargaining power in the context of jointly-consumed household commodities. Subgroup analyses were performed to identify any heterogeneous treatment effects.
John A List
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2022 Summary of Artefactual Experiments